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文章出處:http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/07/22/486452431/from-mozart-to-mr-rogers-literacy-music-and-the-brain

First, Kraus found that kids who took music lessons for two years didn't just get better at playing the trombone or violin;

playing music also helped their brains process language. Consonants and vowels became clearer, allowing the brain to make sense of them more quickly.

This heat map speaks volumes:
研究發現，上了兩年音樂的孩子不只學習樂器的能力變好，學音樂同時幫助他們的大腦去處理語言的吸收和應用。

孩子們可以輕易分辨子音和母音，幫助他們快速理解語言的內涵。這現象透過熱像分析圖可以充分說明。
Improving Your Ear For Music, And Speech
增進耳朵對音樂和演說的敏銳度
Learning to play an instrument appears to strengthen the brain's ability to capture the depth and richness of speech sounds.

These heat maps of brainwaves show how much music lessons improved kids' neurophysiological distinction of consonants.
學習樂器明顯加強大腦在聆聽演說時，可以捕捉更深更豐富的內容。透過腦波熱像圖，可以看到音樂課程加強孩子對於子音的分辨有很大的幫助。

The study's set-up was as remarkable as its findings. While Kraus and her Northwestern lab are based in Evanston,

Ill., she studied the brains of kids affiliated with the Los Angeles-based Harmony Project,

a nonprofit after-school program that teaches music to children in low-income communities.

So she and her team traveled to L.A. regularly, luggage full of scalp electrodes,

nd sat down with her subjects right there in the group's Hollywood offices.
參與這項研究的組織如同這項研究的成果一樣值得被關注。研究對象為洛杉磯某個低收入社區的非營利課外活動裡的孩子，

活動名稱為「共鳴計劃」。研究者和他的團隊帶著儀器遠赴洛杉磯做研究。

To be clear, simply playing Mozart for your kids will not have the same effect.

It's still a fine idea. A little Mozart never hurt anyone, but Kraus found that the benefit comes from playing the harpsichord,

not listening to it.
研究者認為演奏單純演奏莫札特的音樂給孩子聽，不一定能得到相同的效果。

也就是說，讓孩子學習演奏樂器比讓孩子聆聽音樂的效果來得更好。